Christianity

Prayer: The Source of Martin Luther King’s Influence

April 29, 2012 By admin Leave a Comment

This topic is discussed in more detail in my upcoming book Just Spirituality: How Faith Practices Fuel Social Action (IVP, 2012).

Prayer was one of the primary ways Martin Luther King, Jr. engaged in his personal relationship with God. In his book about the prayer life of Martin Luther King, Jr., Lewis Baldwin writes, “King turned to prayer as the foundation of his personal spiritual life, the center of his devotional practice, and a powerful, sacred force in his struggle to liberate and empower people.”[i] King’s commitment to prayer was disciplined and empowered him in his pursuit of social equality and freedom. Baldwin concludes, “King’s emphasis on private prayer as creative energy was, as the content of this work shows, consistent with his tendency to place spiritual transformation at the center of every action he took as a crusader for freedom, justice, and human dignity. Thus, he was able to confront the relentless pressure of the forces of evil and retrogression without faltering.”[ii] Prayer strengthened King and enabled him to stand up to the harsh criticisms and physical threats to himself and his loved ones.

Baldwin claims that prayer was the undergirding power behind King’s proclamations toward freedom: “King’s leadership was effective because his praying and preaching were effective… In fact, prayer and preaching were the great factors in the sharing and spreading of King’s gospel and vision of human freedom.”[iii] King’s formation in the context of community empowered him to be able to proclaim a message of freedom and hope for people who were suffering. During one of his departing sermons given at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, King shared these words:

“And I know this God enough to know that He’s with us. I’ve come to believe in prayer, stronger, stronger than ever before, since I’ve been in Montgomery. And I’ve convinced that when we engage in prayer, we are not engaging in just the process of autosuggestion, just an endless soliloquy or monologue, but we are engaged in a dialogue. And we are talking with a father who is concerned about us. And I’ve come to believe that… I have felt His power working in my life in so many instances, and I have felt an inner sense of calmness in dark and difficult situations, an inner strength I never knew I had.”[iv]

And I discovered then that religion had to become real to me, and I had to know God for myself. And I bowed down over that cup of coffee. I never will forget it… I prayed a prayer, and I prayed out loud that night. I said, ‘Lord, I’m down here trying to do what is right. I think I’m right. I think the cause that we represent is right. [v]

King was convinced the prayer was an “empowering an liberating force” which would enable him and others to stand up to any resistance in their pursuit of freedom and justice.[vi] Prayer gave King courage and hope to stay the course when it seemed the changes he sought would never come. King also believed that activism accompanied by prayer was the most effective. Prayer was not a “substitute for human initiative” but was a source of power and a significant part of his rallying cry toward justice.[vii]

[i] Lewis Baldwin, Never to Leave Us Alone: The Prayer Life of Martin Luther King, Jr. (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2010), p. x.

[ii] Lewis Baldwin. Never to Leave Us Alone: The Prayer Life of Martin Luther King Jr. (p. xii). Kindle Edition.

[iii] Lewis Baldwin. Never to Leave Us Alone: The Prayer Life of Martin Luther King Jr. (p. 50). Kindle Edition.

[iv] Martin Luther King, Jr. “Address Delivered during ‘A Salute to Dr. and Mrs. Martin Luther King’ at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church,” January 31, 1960, ET-56, Martin Luther King Estate Collection in Troy Jackson, Becoming King: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Making of a National Leader (Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky, 2008), p. 178.

[v] David J. Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (New York, NY: HarperCollins Pubishers, 1986), p. 58.

[vi] Lewis Baldwin, Never to Leave Us Alone: The Prayer Life of Martin Luther King, Jr. (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2010), p. xii.

[vii] Lewis Baldwin, Never to Leave Us Alone: The Prayer Life of Martin Luther King, Jr. (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2010), p. xii.

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Filed Under: Christianity, Spiritual Formation Tagged With: Christianity, faith practices, Jr., Lewis Baldwin, Martin Luther King, prayer, spiritual discipline

Tony Campolo & Red Letter Christians

April 19, 2012 By admin Leave a Comment

I was first introduced to Tony Campolo’s ministry when I was about 13 years old. I attended the Christian music festival – Creation – somewhere in the Appalachian mountains. I was mesmerized as Tony talked about our call as Christians to love and serve God… and also to respond to the needs of the world’s poor. Tony’s message might have been the first time I heard about how it is a critical part of our Christian walk to live out the words of Jesus in Matthew 25: “Whatever you do unto one of these brothers and sisters of mine, you do unto me.” Other than the News Boys entering the main field by helicopter, Tony’s message is the one that I remember most.

A couple of years ago, I met Tony in Bethlehem at the Christ at the Checkpoint conference. There I heard him speak a similar message of love, reconciliation, and forgiveness… and also a call to live out God’s heart for mercy and justice in the world. During the conference we ran into each other a couple of times. At one point, we were on the elevator and started to chat. I told him a little bit about my work and ministry… and he said something to the effect, “I know… I have your book on my desk.” I will carry those words with me forever! What a great and humbling privilege!

This past March, Tony was once again at the Christ at the Checkpoint conference in Bethlehem. He gave a powerful message: “Using the Red Letters of the Bible as Guides to Peace and Reconciliation.” You can watch his message here:

What does it mean to be a Red Letter Christian?

The goal of Red Letter Christians is simple: To take Jesus seriously by endeavoring to live out His radical, counter-cultural teachings as set forth in Scripture, and especially embracing the lifestyle prescribed in the Sermon on the Mount. I consider it an honor to be friends with many others who share similar values and are committed to living out Jesus’ call to meet the needs of the poor. Visit the Red Letter Christian blog and website to learn more about this amazing community!

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Filed Under: Christianity, Israel/Palestine, Middle East, Spiritual Formation Tagged With: Christ at the Checkpoint, Christianity, poor, Red Letter Christians, Tony Campolo

The Role of Religion in Global Society at the University of CA – Santa Barbara

April 16, 2012 By admin Leave a Comment

Earlier this year, I had the opportunity to speak on a panel at the University of California – Santa Barbara’s Luce Project on Religion in Global Civil Society. The topic of discussion was “The Role of Religion in Global Society: A Focus on the Middle East and Africa.” The dialogue was very thought provoking and included questions about the significance of religion in international development.

Participants included academics, practitioners, and religious leaders from various cultural backgrounds and faiths.

Here is a brief response to one of the questions I was asked:

Role of Religion on World Visions’s work in the Middle East:

World Vision is a Christian humanitarian organization providing hope and assistance to tens of millions of people in nearly 100 countries around the world. Motivated by our faith in Jesus Christ, World Vision serves alongside the poor and oppressed as a demonstration of God’s unconditional love for all people. World Vision serves all people, regardless of religion, race, ethnicity, or gender. We seek to honor God in all that we do; to honor our donors and the public by being transparent about our motivation; and to honor those we serve as well as our colleagues in the field. Our passion is for the world’s poorest children. The ability of these children to reach their God-given potential depends on the physical, social, and spiritual strength of their families and communities. To help secure a better future for each child, we focus on lasting, community-based transformation. We partner with individuals and communities, empowering them to develop sustainable access to clean water, food supplies, health care, education, and economic opportunities. World Vision works in several regions of the Middle East including Afghanistan, Jordan, Lebanon, and Israel/Palestine. Throughout the years World Vision has been involved in the Middle East, serious conflicts throughout the region have had profound impact on the lives of children. As a Christian organization, World Vision affirms that all people have the right to life, food, liberty, security, education, and adequate health care. These rights also have been enshrined in such international agreements as the UN International Declaration of Human Rights and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), highlighting the responsibility we all have to ensure these rights are protected for all children throughout the Middle East.

Please note: While the above paragraph speaks to World Vision’s work in the ME, this blog is personal and the views here represent exclusively the owner of this blog.

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Filed Under: Egypt, Ethiopia, Israel/Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Middle East, Yemen Tagged With: Christianity, Faith, international development, Middle East, Religion, Santa Barbara

Book Review: Gospel of Matthew

January 2, 2012 By admin Leave a Comment

IVP Resonate Commentary Series

Gospel of Matthew: God with Us

Written by: Matt Woodley

Review by: Reverend Mae Elise Cannon

Previously, I have expressed by excitement about the InterVarsity Press Resonate Commentary Series edited by Paul Louis Metzger. I wrote a review of the Gospel of John: When Love Comes to Town for the Covenant Companion and lauded the creative integration of sound theological explanations with culturally relevant examples of how the Gospel might be better brought to light for the struggling generations of the 21st century. In the series introduction, Metzger acknowledges the significant distinction of the commentary’s dual purpose to both highlight the biblical sense (what does the book of the Bible mean?) and cultural significance (what does it say to us in this particular setting?) of the Scriptures. I have read many different commentaries and in comparison, the Resonate series thus far has proven to be full of legitimate scholarship with refreshing relevance to daily living. The commentaries, as reflected in both The Gospel of John and The Gospel of Matthew seek to provoke people out of spiritual complacency by providing a stimulating alternative that bear witness to the work of God and his people through the written word, compelling stories, and relevance to the broader cultural context.

The second book in the series is Matt Woodley’s Gospel of Matthew: God with Us. I was moved from the very first pages as I read about Woodley’s encounters and personal insights gained from working in a home for the developmentally disabled. Through Woodley’s personal narrative and stories of others, the reader is reminded of the truth which resonates throughout the Gospel of Matthew, God is with us: “In the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus shows up and offers us God’s personal presence.” (20). From Tolkien’s The Hobbit to Charriere’s Papillon, Woodley weaves throughout his interpretation of the Gospel examples of other compelling stories and of tastes of cultural relevance. Woodley reminds us that for millennium people have searched and looked for God, seeking permission to ask questions along the way about how the truth about him might be found. Woodley notes that Jesus’ ministry was not begun with a loud bang and the devastation of all of his enemies; rather, his ministry began with three small steps: the calling of ordinary people to follow him; the healing of the sick; and the community he gathered around himself (54). The transformational power of the coming kingdom of God was expressed in these simple, yet profound, actions of Jesus’ life and example.

Woodley outlines truths revealed in the Gospel of Matthew about the kingdom of heaven as both radically communal and global, as it would one day reign over all things (57). He provides rich explanations of well familiar passages including the Sermon on the Mount, the Lord’s Prayer, and other accounts throughout the Gospel of Matthew. While reading his interpretations for both scriptural significance and cultural relevance, I loved fluctuating from the thoughts of academic geniuses to children’s books heroes with references from the philosopher Soren Kierkegaard to direct quotes from Dr. Seuss in Horton Hears a Who.

However, I was a bit disappointed with Woodley’s exposition of Matthew 25, particularly the passages that speak about Jesus’ words: “Whatever you do unto the least of these, you do unto me.” I agree that these verses are about the personal presence required in acts of mercy. I also believe they are about so much more. This passage demands of followers of Christ an engagement with the least of these in society, the poor, the outcast, the widow, people who are marginalized and neglected. Woodley’s interpretation seemed shallow in respect to the profound significance of this particular passage. He did mention a trip to Mexico City and the reminder from a friend that the “poor need you and you need them.” However, much more could be said. I was disappointed that Woodley did not engage more on this specific passage.

Nonetheless, I still would still very much recommend this book as a resource. Recently, I had the opportunity to offer this endorsement for Gospel of Matthew: God with Us:

“Throughout the pages of Gospel of Matthew: God with Us, Matt Woodley makes accessible the truth of the incarnation of Christ through his own candid personal narrative and the inspirational stories of others. The reader is continually engaged from the divinely “human” genealogy of Jesus to the promise of the indwelling presence of the Holy Spirit at book’s end. This commentary provides a refreshing expository of an often familiar Gospel by provoking questions about the impact of God’s coming kingdom in today’s culture and society.”

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Filed Under: Spiritual Formation Tagged With: Christianity, Gospel of Matthew, InterVarsity Press, Jesus, love, Resonate, Woodley

Silence – Continued

December 12, 2011 By admin Leave a Comment

This post is from an excerpt of my new book project with InterVarsity Press… tentatively titled Disciplines of Justice.

The Discipline and Gift of Silence

In the practice of silence, prayer and meditation are often incorporated. Silence, like meditation, is what the Quakers call “centering.” Richard Foster writes in Celebration of Discipline: “It is a time to become still, to enter into the recreating silence, to allow the fragmentation of our minds to become centered.” This allows the opportunity for God to “commune with you.”[i] Silence allows one to be still, listening for the words of God to our hearts, souls, and mind. Foster writes: “Without silence there is no solitude;” inner solitude and inner silence are inseparable.[ii]

Silence greets different people in unique ways. Sometimes, the gift of silence is the lack of mental clutter that keeps us frazzled, distracted, and worrying about burdens of daily life. Other times, silence is filled with deep truth of words that God desires to speak to our hearts. Adele Calhoun writes of silence in her Spiritual Disciplines Handbook: “The discipline of silence invites us to leave behind the competing demands of our outer world for time alone with Jesus. Silence offers a way of paying attention to the Spirit of God and what he brings to the surface of our souls.” [iii] Calhoun reminds us, “Silence is a time to rest in God.” [iv]

Over the years, I have participated and led many retreats of silence. I am regularly overwhelmed by how different each retreat is experienced by the men and women who participate. When I begin a retreat, I am able to say with confidence: “I do not know how the Lord will speak to us in the days ahead, but I know that He will be with us in our silence.” I have not once been disappointed. Each and every time, the Lord has revealed Himself. Sometimes participants in the silence experience a release of grief and sorrow. Other times a young man or woman will come face to face with an encounter of the truth of God’s love and forgiveness. Sometimes the silence serves to comfort. Other times, the silence provides the space for personal conviction. Silence can be scary, because one often doesn’t know what will be revealed when the soul is quiet and still. However, the comfort of knowing God is with us in the silence provides courage to enter in.

From Silence to Service

As one enters into silence, room is created for God to do the work of transforming our souls. The spiritual discipline of silence changes us, inside and out. Richard Foster calls attention to this “transforming power of silence.”[v] As a person becomes more connected to themselves and to God, clarity of purpose emerges out of the silence. Christians not only experience the truth of God’s love for each of us as individuals and for all of humanity, but we are also reminded of the commandments in Scripture to love our neighbor (Matt 22:37). The spiritual discipline of silence directly motivates and compels people toward other-oriented service. The Quakers practice of silence provides further evidence of the strong correlation between the integration of silence and service. Foster acknowledges that silence is a direct pathway to service.[vi] He writes about the outcome of the Quaker practice of silence: “the result has been a vital social impact far in excess of their numbers.”[vii]

I go on to tell the story of Mother Teresa and the way the spiritual discipline of silence empowered and equipped her ministry to respond to the needs of people suffering and hurting in her community in Calcutta.

[i] Foster, 30.

[ii] Foster, 98.

[iii] Calhoun, 108.

[iv] Calhoun, 109.

[v] Foster, 98.

[vi] Foster, 139.

[vii] Foster, 22.

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Filed Under: Spiritual Formation Tagged With: Christianity, silence, spiritual formation. retreat of silence

Advent Retreat of Silence 2011

December 10, 2011 By admin 1 Comment

I can’t really remember the year of my first Advent Retreat of silence. It was many years ago… Perhaps 2002? I was invited by a group called “Hungry Souls” and was led by Sibyl Towner and Karen Mains. I remember being nervous about the silence. Would I get bored? I imagined being in a group of a few dozen women and all the sudden needing to “shout out loud” to break the quiet. I had many questions. As much as I was nervous, when I arrived at the retreat center… everything was right in place. Karen and Sibyl gently guided us into the silence. We were given instructions along the way… so even in the quiet… no one was ever alone.

Since that first retreat, I have tried to keep the practice of two overnight retreats of silence every year – one around Easter during Lent and the other during Advent as Christmas approaches. I try to have a day of silence a month as a part of my own spiritual rhythm. Some months I am more successful than others!

This year… I am particularly thankful to enter into quiet that awaits. I am at a retreat center – Pendle Hill – somewhere in Pennsylvania. The year has been a busy one. The holidays are busy too. As I begin to settle my heart… I enter with anticipation into the silence. My prayer – for myself and others – is that we might all have some quiet to reflect upon the true purpose of the Advent Season. I am reminded of what it must have been like for the early church… awaiting the coming of the Messiah. We, too, must wait. We wait upon the Lord to hear the cries of our hearts. We wait… We wait also for Him to return again… that in His coming, the world might again be made right.

These are the Scriptures upon which I will meditate as I enter into this year’s retreat into silence:

Be still and know that I am God. (Psalm 46:10)

In the morning, Lord, you hear my voice; in the morning I lay my requests before you and wait expectantly (Psalm 5:3)

We wait in hope for the Lord, he is our help and our shield (Psalm 33:20)

Simon Peter answered, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.” (Matthew 16:16)

And there were shepherds living out in fields nearby, keeping watch over their flock by night. An angel of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified. But the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid. I bring you good news of great joy that will be for all the people. Today in the town of David a Savior has been born to you; he is the Messiah, the Lord.” (Luke 2:8-11)

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Filed Under: Spiritual Formation Tagged With: advent, Christianity, retreat of silence, spiritual formation

Farouk Eldeiry: Women & Ordination

April 10, 2011 By admin 2 Comments

Today was a very special day. Not only is it the last day of my 2+ weeks in Egypt, it was also the day that Rev. Dr. Farouk Eldeiry proclaimed his views (publically!) about women and ordination. Permit me to tell you a little bit about Pastor (Assis) Farouk: He is the father of Fady, Joy, and Sylvia… I was introduced to him through Fady in November 2010 during my first trip to Egypt. I learned that he was the founding pastor of Ibrahimi Evangelical Church in Alexandria in the 1960s and served there through 2001. He has a Master of Arts in religion and a Masters of Theology… and also an honorary doctorate. He has taught Systematic Theology (oh, my!) at the Evangelical Seminary in Cairo for the past several decades. He is currently launching a new ministry called Anwaar (lights) which focuses on responding to the needs of the poor in Malawy and Deir Abu Hennis. As I have gotten to know Farouk over the past several months, I have been amazed at his energy and passion. He is in his 70s and is starting a new ministry that takes time, energy (and money!); and is committed to mobilizing the church in Egypt to respond to the needs of the poor and the oppressed. Farouk and I have had many lively discussions – including academic “debates” about predestination, the revelation of God, and other questions of theology. Whenever Farouk has mentioned (remotely or directly) the question about women in leadership and the ordination of women – I have quickly said, “I don’t want to talk about it. Talk to Dr. B!”

I have pointed Pastor Farouk in the direction of Gilbert Bilezikian (Dr. B), a mentor, friend, and brilliant New Testament scholar who taught at Wheaton for many years. Dr. B wrote the book “Beyond Sex Roles” in 1985 and has since been a stalwart advocate of women in ministry. Dr. B, in his writing, teaching, and every day life, has been an amazing support… and he has the biblical expertise, training, and patience to continually address the theological and practical questions surrounding women in ministry. I do not!

I have found being a woman in ministry a very painful (and often lonely) journey. There are limited places where women are free to completely use their gifts without question in regard to gender – sometimes things are worse in the U.S. than in the Middle East! On a weekly (if not daily basis), I am reminded of these limitations. I could tell many painful stories: People in the community thinking that I was the church secretary and not one of the leaders on pastoral staff; The surgeon in a hospital where I was serving as a pastoral chaplain who asked me if it was Haloween because I was wearing my clerical collar – even though it was February!; Not being able to serve communion because the church does not acknowledge that women are free to officiate ceremonies of such spiritual significance… I could go on… These are just some of the challenges that women continue to face as ministers of the Gospel around the world today.

Pastor Farouk, while always supportive of women using their gifts, has consistently repsonded to the question of women and ordination by affirming women, but then asserting that he is “undecided” about whether or not women should be ordained. In fact, I heard him say these very words to me last week when we were ministering together in Upper Egypt. Thus, I was shocked by the events that unfolded today!

Today I was invited to preach at Attarine Evangelical Church in Alexandria, Egypt. In speaking with the congregation, I talked about what an exciting time this is in Egypt and around the Arab world as revolutions are continuing to overturn authoritarian regimes and challenge current political authorites. As the youth of Egypt have cried for righteousness and justice; we as Christians must look to see what the Scriptures say about these two things. I shared about my love for Egypt and encouraged the church to engage with their community as the Scriptures have commanded us to do.

Pastors Farouk Eldeiry, (me!), and Radi Atalla Iskander.

After I finished preaching the sermon, Pastor Farouk had the opportunity to share a few words. He shared in Arabic and the man sitting next to me translated the words that were being spoken… Pastor Farouk affirmed that we as the church must respond to the current situation in Egypt. We must care for our personal and corporate relationship with God and also be actively engaged with the needs of society (my sermon was about righteousness and justice). As he affirmed the words in the Scripture message, he also made a declaration – for the first time – about his views of women and ordination. He stated that the authority by which we speak does not rest in the person sharing the message – but rests in the authority of Christ – and that it doesn’t matter if the person delivering the word is a man or a woman, as long as the truth of God is being declared. Pastor Farouk publicly declared that he affirms women in any role of leadership within the church including that of eldership and a pastoral role. As he shared his words of affirmation, I was very moved. His declaration was totally unexpected and a great gift to me! Pastor Farouk is a leader in the Christian community in Alexandria and throughout the Arab world. He has taught hundreds of seminary students, many of whom are now pastors, and has great influence. His public affirmation of the ordination of women and women in pastoral roles is a very significant one! Serving alongside of this man the past two weeks, I have been honored by his humility and his committment to caring for the needs of people around him. Although some may consider him to be more ”advanced” in age… Farouk is young in spirit. His affirmation of all people – including women – has greatly encouraged my heart.

For further resources about women in ministry:

Beyond Sex Roles: What the Bible Says about a Woman’s Place in Church and Family, Gilbert Bilezikian (Baker Academic, 2006)

How I Changed My Mind About Women in Leadership: Compelling Stories from Prominent Evangelicals (Zondervan, 2010)

Discovering Biblical Equality: Complimentarity Without Hierarchy (InterVarsity, 2005)

Another great resource is Christians for Biblical Equality (CBE): www.cbeinternational.org.

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Filed Under: Egypt, Middle East Tagged With: Alexandria, Attarine Evangelical Church, Christianity, Egypt, Farouk Eldeiry, ordination, pastor, women, women in ministry

A World Unbroken: Hope and Healing for a Shattered World

February 22, 2011 By admin Leave a Comment

With everything that is broken in the world… and particularly with the devastating deaths of protestors in Libya and throughout the Middle East, it is easy to become discouraged. In the past couple of weeks I had the opportunity to finish writing a chapter about what it means to be a Christian in a broken world. I am excited about the opportunity to be a contributor to this amazing resource called A World Unbroken: Hope and Healing for a Shattered World. Contributors include: myself, Mark Oestreicher, Ian Morgan Cron, Scot McKnight, Kara Powell, Michael Novelli, Chris Folmsbee, and Pamela Erwin. This project is sponsored by Barefoot Ministries and is one part of three A World Unbroken resources which consists of: a book for youth workers written by various ministry thinkers and doers, participant guides, and a DVD with short films, curriculum, and communication tools.

A World Unbroken #2 from Barefoot Ministries on Vimeo.

Here is a description of from Barefoot Ministries:

A World Unbroken is interactive in that it engages the student with daily offices of prayer (and other practices) and missional expressions to serve humanity and care for the world. It is multidimensional in that it involves an interactive website and other various forms of media. It is community focused so that we can continue to help students move away from an isolated faith and away from an individualistic perspective on Christian formation. It is a shared-curriculum resource in that it encourages the facilitator (youth pastor, parent, pastor, etc.) to become a co-learner, partnering with the students on the journey toward participating with God’s mission.

A World Unbroken from Barefoot Ministries on Vimeo.

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Filed Under: Publications Tagged With: Barefoot Ministries, Chris Folmsbee, Christianity, Ian Morgan Cron, Justice, Kara Powell, Mae Elise Cannon, Mark Oestreicher, Michael Novelli, Pamela Erwin, Scot McKnight, World Unbroken, youth workers

Prayer: The Source of Martin Luther King’s Influence

Tony Campolo & Red Letter Christians

The Role of Religion in Global Society at the University of CA – Santa Barbara

Book Review: Gospel of Matthew

Silence – Continued

Advent Retreat of Silence 2011

Farouk Eldeiry: Women & Ordination

A World Unbroken: Hope and Healing for a Shattered World

My Blog About History, Faith, & Life in the Middle East

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